Since I already have the base texture, I decided to build up on my layers of dirt and scratch marks from it.
I used the 'blend if' in the layer style options together with 'colour range', which I learnt from the research documents, to remove the pixels I do not need, leaving only the dark coloured scratch marks. Depending on the image, sometimes I might have to spend some time hand paint out certain areas to get a clean textures with just the scratch marks over alpha channel.
I then changed the scratch layer's 'blend mode' to 'Screen' in order to blend the two textures together. This way, I could also render out a bump map separately with whichever scratch layer that I want. However, I did experiment with various 'blend modes' to try out different effects. This quickly assisted me to gain a better understanding regarding various 'blend modes' and their functionalities.
With the same technique, I started to build layers and layers of dirt on top of the base texture. After experimenting with different 'blend modes' on this layer, I felt 'soft light' provides a more genuine look.
Base Texture.
Adding long deep scratches.
Adding short pale scratches.
Adding small scratching patches.
Adding big scratching patches.
Adding chipped marks. Final dirt layer samples.
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